Research on Control Technology of Industrial Dust Collector System Equipment

With the development and progress of technology, the functions and performance of industrial dust collector system equipment are gradually improving. The application of electrical automatic control technology has significantly improved the working quality and efficiency of industrial dust collector system equipment. Based on this, this research combines the functions of industrial dust collector system equipment to analyze, and then combines the practical application of electrical automatic control technology in dust removal and unloading to discuss its function and value.

In industrial production, environmental pollution problems continue to exist, among which industrial dust is more common. The discharge of industrial dust not only causes air pollution but also causes serious damage to human health. Effective prevention and control measures need to be taken. The application of a dust collector system can effectively treat industrial dust and realize harmless emissions. In order to further improve the function of the dust collector system and improve the purification and treatment effect of industrial dust, it is necessary to transform and upgrade the dust collector and apply electric automation control technology to realize automatic operation and achieve a better dust removal effect. In terms of environmental protection Has an important role.

1.The function and role of electrical automatic control technology in the dust collector system

As people pay more and more attention to ecological and environmental protection, energy-saving and environmental protection issues have become a major issue in current industrial development. In the production process of many factories, a large amount of industrial waste gas and dust will be formed. If improperly treated and discharged into the air, it will cause air pollution problems such as smog. The dust collector is the main device for processing industrial waste gas. When the industrial waste gas passes through the dust collector system, the dust collector system can filter small particles of dust, ashes, and other pollutants, so that the industrial waste gas discharge meets the requirements of relevant standards. The application of electrical automation control technology in the precipitator system can ensure that the precipitator maintains the best operating condition, which is beneficial to improve the dust removal effect and achieve the purpose of saving energy. Therefore, in recent years, the application of electrical automatic control technology in the dust collector system has received extensive attention.

The application of electrical automatic control technology is mainly concentrated in three links: (1) the filtration link, the main control system filters out the dust in the waste; (2) the ash discharge link, the dust filtered out of the filtration link is removed from the dust collector; (3) In the dust removal link, the dust on the surface of the dust collector is cleaned to avoid affecting the normal operation of the dust collector. The application of electrical automatic control technology in the above links has obvious effects, which can ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of the pulse valve and air compressor control, and improve the filter effect of the cloth bag.

2. Dust collector system and its functions based on electrical automatic control technology

2.1 Bag type

Take a steel company as an example. The company has newly introduced a batch of dust removal equipment, which uses fume exhaust hoods and enclosed hoods to capture flue gas, pulse bag dust removal system for dust removal, and dust collector overhead arrangement for dust collection, and pulse spraying The ash blowing and unloading valve and the ash conveying motor send the dust into the high-level ash storage bin, and finally, the dust dump truck will take it far away. The plant is currently equipped with 7 sets of dust collectors, which can meet the needs of waste gas treatment.

Among them, the working principle of the bag filter is to use wind and resistance to capture the coarse dust in the exhaust gas and realize the filtering function. After the exhaust gas enters the dust collector, it first hits the baffle plate. The airflow gradually slows down before it flows into the sink. Under the action of inertia, the coarse particles in the gas will directly fall into the ash hopper. In the ash hopper, the air flows upward through the cloth bag, and the entrained dust will be left on the surface of the cloth bag, and the purified air will enter the cloth bag and be removed from the air outlet. In this process, the dust accumulated on the surface of the bag gradually increases, which will increase the resistance of the bag and affect wind transportation. In this regard, the resistance should be controlled within the allowable range, and the bag should be cleaned in time. In the ash cleaning process, the PLC system will regularly start the control valves, open them in sequence, and use compressed air to blow off the dust on the surface of the cloth bag and make it fall into the ash hopper.

2.2 Low voltage pulse-type

The low-pressure pulse bag dust collector is currently the most used and the most efficient dust collector. It has two working modes: online pulse cleaning and offline pulse cleaning, and its application is more flexible. Under the application of an electric automatic control system, centralized control can be realized, the operation is convenient, maintenance is simple, and the equipment cost is low. The pulse valve of the low-pressure pulse-type bag filter has a long service life, so the system has a long service life, and the internal structure is simple, which is convenient for finding operating problems and ensuring its normal use.

3. Practical application of electrical automatic control technology in dust collector system

3.1 Cleaning

Dust removal is an important part of the operation of the dust collector system, and the application of electrical automatic technology can clean the dust at the same time as the pressure difference, and the work efficiency of the dust collector is significantly improved. Before cleaning the dust, it is necessary to suspend dust removal and close the cabin of the dust removal system. The programmable logic controller (PLC) is used to control the pulse valve according to the preset program. In this process, a certain pressure is applied to the injection valve through compressed air. Prior to this, the sealing membrane should be opened and sprayed out through the blowing port to facilitate the implementation of the operation. Then the dust bag is used to absorb the dust and drop it in the ash storage hopper. In the process of the dust removal operation, it is necessary to effectively control the speed of pulse valve action and ensure its accuracy. The spraying time interval should be controlled at about 10s, and the two dust collection bags are independent of each other to avoid interference. After the dust removal operation is completed, the dust removal system can be converted from the dust removal working state to the full filtration state.

During the operation of the dust removal system of the dust collector, the whole process is controlled by PLC to achieve automation. It can adjust the injection time, cycle gap, and interval time appropriately to meet different work requirements. In this process, there is no need to manually start and stop, and various valve devices are automatically adjusted. According to the actual needs of the dust removal work, the corresponding setting procedure can be set up, and the automatic operation can be carried out according to the procedure, and it can be tracked and checked to understand the specific operation situation.

3.2 Unloading ash

The dust removed by the dust collector system needs to be temporarily stored in the dust collector. When the amount of dust accumulation reaches a certain index, it is extremely important to remove the dust. In the traditional dust collector, the ash unloading process needs to be completed manually, which is inefficient and inefficient. The application of electrical automatic control technology to the dust collector system can effectively improve the efficiency of ash unloading and improve its automation level. The principle and process of ash unloading are as follows: when the amount of dust accumulation reaches a certain level, the automation system can immediately perceive the current working status and send an ash unloading signal to the PLC control system. After the PLC system receives the signal, it can mobilize the ash unloading motor within 5s. After the ash unloading motor moves for 9 seconds, the vibration motor can be started to clean the dust to the outside of the dust collector. After 5s, the scraper motor starts. At this time, the residual dust in the dust collector can be removed. In order to improve the rationality of ash unloading, the staff can control the time interval of ash unloading by adjusting the power of the motor. Under normal circumstances, it is more appropriate to control the two ash unloading time to about 30 minutes. The staff can appropriately extend or shorten the interval between two ash unloadings according to the working environment and dust removal amount of the dust collector to improve the efficiency of dust removal.

3.3 Air compressor

Controlling the air storage tank is a key step in controlling the air compressor. The pressure control is the key to the control of the gas storage tank. According to the operating principle of the air storage tank, when the air pressure is lower than the set pressure, the dynamic storage head can be connected with the static storage head to make the relay start operation. Conversely, when the air pressure is higher than the design pressure value, the moving head will be disconnected from the static head, the relay circuit will be cut off, and the air compressor will stop working. Using the above method to control the air compressor can effectively improve the convenience of changing the mechanical state and improve the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector system. But this control method also has certain problems. If the relay is activated too frequently, circuit failures are prone to occur, which is detrimental to the extension of the life of the dust collector system. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to change the control method. The practice has shown that the use of a two-stage control method to control the air compressor, with the primary control system controlling the main circuit, and the secondary control system controlling the power supply, can improve the operating efficiency of the air compressor and also solve the circuit failure, It is more beneficial to the improvement of the operational safety of the dust collector system. The staff can see the operating frequency of the air compressor tank, and consider the use of a secondary control system to control the opening and closing of the circuit to improve the safety of system operation.

4. Conclusion

In summary, the application of the dust collector system is mainly responsible for the treatment of industrial dust and avoiding its direct emission into the air and causing pollution. The electrical automatic control technology is applied to the dust collector system. The dust removal and unloading functions of the dust collector system are more perfect, and the performance of the air compressor is improved. In the working process of the dust collector, it can reduce the burden of man-made control and reduce the influence of man-made interference factors, which can obtain better industrial dust treatment effects.

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